The large, dimeric enzyme operates through a FAD cofactor and two essential cysteines, one of which is proximal to the glutathione disulfide docking site and the other to the FAD cofactor [129]
All of the compounds above have been proven to maintain GSH contents and GSH-dependent antioxidant enzyme activities in the myocardium, protecting it from oxidative stress [41, 158,159,160,161,162,163,164]
Its treatment was reported to increase the levels of GSH and the activities of GPX and GST, along with a decrease in cardiac lipid peroxide production in a rat model of myocardial injury caused by diazinon (a pesticide) [180]
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency mouse model by suppressing ferritinophagy-mediated ferroptosis in granulosa cells